An Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) engineered specifically for hospital environments. BRIDZA Hospital AMR navigates corridors autonomously, transports medications, lab specimens, and sterile supplies between departments using LiDAR SLAM navigation, and integrates directly with HIS, pharmacy management, and EMR systems. The robot operates 24/7, calls elevators, opens doors via IoT, and delivers items securely in locked compartments with access control.
A Hospital Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) is a wheeled robotic platform designed to transport medications, medical supplies, lab specimens, and sterile instruments within hospital buildings without human guidance. Unlike traditional AGVs that follow fixed tracks or magnetic tapes, hospital AMRs use onboard sensors—LiDAR, depth cameras, and inertial measurement units (IMU)—to build real-time maps of their environment and plan paths dynamically.
LiDAR SLAM + Visual SLAM + IMU fusion creates a real-time 3D map of hospital corridors, rooms, and elevator lobbies. The robot identifies walls, doors, people, wheelchairs, IV poles, and equipment in motion, maintaining awareness within a 10-meter radius at all times.
Onboard compute processes sensor data at 30 Hz, generating collision-free paths in under 100 ms. The robot autonomously calls elevators via IoT, selects floors, requests door openings through BACnet/IP, and reroutes dynamically when corridors are temporarily blocked.
Items are stored in locked, compartmentalized cargo modules. Recipients authenticate via PIN code or biometric scan to retrieve medications. Every pickup and drop-off is timestamped and logged to the hospital information system for chain-of-custody compliance.
LiDAR SLAM combined with Visual SLAM and IMU sensor fusion enables precise ±2 cm positioning without floor markers, magnetic tapes, or reflectors. The robot autonomously calls elevators via IoT interface, selects target floors, exits the elevator, and continues navigation to the destination ward—all across multiple floors without human intervention.
Compartmentalized cargo modules feature electronic locks with PIN-code or biometric authentication. Controlled substances and high-risk medications remain sealed during transit. The system records who opened which compartment, at what time, and at which location—providing complete chain-of-custody documentation required for HIPAA compliance.
A triple-redundant sensor array—2D/3D LiDAR (360°, 10m range), ultrasonic sensors (ground-level detection), and RGB-D cameras (person identification, intent prediction)—ensures safe operation around patients, staff, wheelchairs, and carts. The robot employs predictive path planning, yielding politely and rerouting rather than stopping abruptly.
Optional refrigerated compartment maintains 2–8°C for temperature-sensitive lab specimens, vaccines, and biological samples. Real-time temperature monitoring with ±0.5°C accuracy logs data continuously. Alert notifications trigger if temperature deviates from configured thresholds during transit.
LiFePO4 battery packs support hot-swap and opportunity charging. The robot automatically docks at charging stations during idle periods (between tasks, meal breaks on a ward), achieving 8–16 hours of cumulative operation per charge cycle. A full fast-charge completes in 2 hours with no memory effect.
An integrated UV-C module (254 nm wavelength) can be activated between delivery runs to disinfect the cargo compartment interior and exterior surfaces. A configurable 3–5 minute cycle achieves ≥99.9% surface pathogen reduction, supporting infection control protocols without chemical disinfectants.
Central fleet controller coordinates multiple robots simultaneously. Tasks are assigned dynamically based on robot proximity, battery level, current cargo, and priority. Real-time dashboard displays fleet status, task queues, battery levels, and location of every unit. API access allows hospitals to build custom workflow triggers.
The robot supports delivery and return in a single mission. It delivers sterile instrument sets to the operating theater, collects used sets from the OR, and transports them back to the sterile processing department—eliminating empty return trips and maximizing utilization per mission cycle.
BRIDZA Hospital AMR deploys as a layered system: on-robot intelligence handles navigation and safety, a local fleet controller manages task scheduling and robot coordination, and a middleware gateway bridges the robot fleet to hospital IT systems. Integration is non-invasive—existing HIS, pharmacy, and EMR platforms continue operating unchanged while the AMR system connects via standard healthcare protocols.
Embedded compute runs SLAM localization, path planning, obstacle avoidance, and cargo management in real time. All safety-critical decisions are made onboard at ≤100 ms latency, ensuring the robot operates safely even if network connectivity is temporarily lost.
On-premises server hosts the fleet management application. It maintains a live map of all robot positions, manages task queues with priority rules (e.g., STAT medication > routine supply), handles dynamic reassignment, and exposes a REST API for external system integration.
HL7 FHIR messages enable bidirectional communication with the Hospital Information System. When a nurse places a medication request in the EMR, the AMR fleet controller receives the task automatically. Upon delivery confirmation, the EMR is updated with timestamp, compartment ID, and recipient authentication record.
Elevator control via BACnet/IP or wireless IoT relay buttons enables autonomous multi-floor traversal. Automatic door requests are sent to door controllers along the planned route. Wi-Fi 802.11ac/ax provides primary connectivity; 4G/5G cellular serves as backup for critical communications.
Medications are dispensed at the central pharmacy, loaded into locked compartments, and delivered autonomously to nursing stations. PIN/biometric authentication at the ward ensures only authorized personnel access the medication. Each delivery generates an automatic timestamp and chain-of-custody record in the EMR, supporting controlled substance tracking and HIPAA compliance.
Blood, urine, tissue, and other specimens are collected from nursing stations and transported to the laboratory in temperature-controlled compartments (2–8°C). Continuous temperature logging and GPS-equivalent indoor positioning ensure specimen integrity. Predictable transit times enable clinical teams to plan treatment decisions around known result availability windows.
Bidirectional flow between sterile processing departments (SPD) and operating theaters. Freshly sterilized instrument sets are delivered according to the surgical schedule; used sets are collected for reprocessing. UV-C disinfection cycles run between missions to maintain aseptic standards. This reduces OR delays caused by missing or delayed instrument sets.
Automated transport of medical consumables, PPE, IV supplies, and linen from central stores or receiving docks to satellite storerooms and nursing stations. Integration with inventory management systems triggers replenishment tasks when stock levels fall below thresholds. Robots handle repetitive high-volume rounds on schedule, reducing nurse interruptions for supply requests.
Robots transport patient meal trays from the dietary department to ward pantries on schedule. Temperature-monitored compartments keep meals within safe serving temperatures. After meal service, the robot collects trays for return to the kitchen—consolidating two trips into one bidirectional mission cycle.
During night shifts, weekends, and holidays when porter staff is minimal, AMRs continue operating at full capacity. STAT medication requests triggered through the EMR are prioritized in the fleet controller queue and dispatched to the nearest available robot, achieving delivery in minutes regardless of staffing levels.
BRIDZA Hospital AMR uses LiDAR SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) combined with Visual SLAM from RGB-D cameras and inertial data from IMU sensors. During initial commissioning, the robot performs a mapping run to build a 3D point cloud of the facility. In daily operation, it localizes against this map in real time at ±2 cm accuracy, updating its position 30 times per second. No magnetic tapes, reflectors, or floor markers are needed. If the environment changes (new furniture, rearranged equipment), the robot automatically updates its map through continuous SLAM.
Deployment requires minimal infrastructure changes: (1) Wi-Fi 802.11ac/ax coverage along robot travel paths—most hospitals already have sufficient coverage; (2) Elevator integration—robots communicate with elevators via wireless IoT buttons or BACnet/IP protocol; older elevator systems may need a simple control interface module; (3) Automatic or IoT-connected doors along preferred routes; manual doors can be managed with staff assist workflows; (4) Initial facility 3D laser scanning (completed in 1–2 days). No floor cutting, track laying, or structural modifications are required. Charging stations need standard 220V power outlets.
Medication security is enforced at multiple levels: (1) Physical—cargo compartments have electronic locks that remain sealed during transit; compartments open only upon authenticated recipient at the destination; (2) Authentication—PIN codes or biometric verification (fingerprint) ensure only authorized nurses or pharmacists can access medications; (3) Digital audit trail—every access event (who, what, when, where) is logged with millisecond-precision timestamps and transmitted to the hospital information system; (4) Tamper detection—sensors alert if unauthorized access is attempted. The full chain of custody from pharmacy dispensing to ward receipt is documented automatically, meeting HIPAA and controlled substance handling requirements.
Integration uses standard healthcare interoperability protocols: (1) HL7 FHIR APIs provide bidirectional messaging between the AMR fleet controller and your EMR/EHR system—medication orders placed in the EMR automatically generate AMR delivery tasks; (2) REST APIs allow custom integrations with pharmacy management, laboratory information systems (LIS), and supply chain/WMS platforms; (3) MQTT protocol enables real-time status updates (task progress, robot location, delivery confirmation) to be pushed to hospital dashboards; (4) Middleware adapters are available for legacy HIS systems that do not natively support FHIR. Implementation and integration testing typically takes 8–12 weeks.
The BRIDZA Hospital AMR is designed and tested to meet: ISO 13482 (Personal care robots — Safety requirements), which specifically covers robots operating in shared human-robot spaces like hospitals; IEC 62443 (Industrial cybersecurity), ensuring secure communication and data protection; and HIPAA-ready architecture for US healthcare environments. The robot's multi-layered safety system—LiDAR, ultrasonic, 3D cameras, and force-sensitive bumpers—achieves collision rates below 0.01% in operational deployments. Emergency stop buttons are accessible on all sides of the robot.
Yes. The fleet management system coordinates any number of robots operating simultaneously within the same facility. The controller assigns tasks based on robot proximity, battery charge, current cargo load, and task priority. When two robots approach the same corridor intersection, the controller arbitrates right-of-way to prevent deadlocks. A typical 300-bed hospital deploys 5–7 units to cover pharmacy-to-ward, lab specimen, and sterile supply routes concurrently. The fleet dashboard provides real-time visibility into every robot's status, location, battery level, and active task.
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